feat: 实现批量导入题目功能，Phase 1b 完成

- 新建 ImportQuestionsDialog 三步导入对话框（输入→预览→结果）
- 支持 JSON 文件上传和手动粘贴，Zod 格式校验
- 新增 importQuestions API 函数 + ImportResult 类型
- 题目列表页新增批量导入按钮
- Phase 1b 全部功能完成

CLAUDE.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 ## Current Status
 
-**Phase 1b in progress.** Category CRUD + Question CRUD + 知识卡编辑 done. Remaining: 题目状态流转 UI 完善、批量导入。
+**Phase 1b complete.** Category CRUD + Question CRUD + 知识卡编辑 + 状态流转 UI + 批量导入 all done. Next: Phase 1c.
 
 Development follows the phased roadmap in [dev-spec.md](./dev-spec.md) §九.
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ src/
 │   ├── layout/           # Sidebar, Header, AdminLayout
 │   ├── charts/           # StatsCard, chart wrappers
 │   ├── category/         # Category CRUD (columns, dialogs)
-│   ├── question/         # Question CRUD (columns, form, StatusBadge, DistractorEditor, KnowledgeCardFields)
+│   ├── question/         # Question CRUD (columns, form, StatusBadge, DistractorEditor, KnowledgeCardFields, StatusTransitionDialog, ImportQuestionsDialog)
 ├── lib/
 │   ├── api-client.ts     # HTTP client for /admin/* endpoints
 │   ├── auth.ts           # Admin JWT token management

src/components/question/ImportQuestionsDialog.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+import { useRef, useState } from "react"
+import { z } from "zod/v4"
+import {
+  Dialog,
+  DialogContent,
+  DialogDescription,
+  DialogHeader,
+  DialogTitle,
+} from "@/components/ui/dialog"
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button"
+import { Textarea } from "@/components/ui/textarea"
+import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge"
+import { importQuestions } from "@/lib/api/question-api"
+import type { QuestionFormData } from "@/types/question"
+
+const importItemSchema = z.object({
+  stem: z.string().min(1, "题干不能为空"),
+  correctAnswer: z.string().min(1, "正确答案不能为空"),
+  distractors: z.array(z.string().min(1)).min(4, "至少 4 个干扰项").max(6),
+  categoryId: z.string().min(1, "请选择分类"),
+  difficulty: z.number().min(1).max(5),
+  status: z.enum(["draft", "reviewing", "published", "archived"]).optional(),
+  knowledgeCardBasic: z.string().min(1, "请填写基础知识卡").max(100).optional(),
+  knowledgeCardDeep: z.string().max(300).optional(),
+  sourceRef: z.string().max(500).optional(),
+})
+
+const importArraySchema = z.array(importItemSchema).min(1, "至少导入 1 道题目")
+
+type ImportStep = "input" | "preview" | "result"
+
+interface ImportQuestionsDialogProps {
+  open: boolean
+  onOpenChange: (open: boolean) => void
+  onSuccess: () => void
+}
+
+export function ImportQuestionsDialog({
+  open,
+  onOpenChange,
+  onSuccess,
+}: ImportQuestionsDialogProps) {
+  const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null)
+  const [step, setStep] = useState<ImportStep>("input")
+  const [rawJson, setRawJson] = useState("")
+  const [parseError, setParseError] = useState<string | null>(null)
+  const [parsedQuestions, setParsedQuestions] = useState<QuestionFormData[]>([])
+  const [importing, setImporting] = useState(false)
+  const [result, setResult] = useState<{
+    imported: number
+    failed: number
+    errors?: { index: number; error: string }[]
+  } | null>(null)
+
+  function reset() {
+    setStep("input")
+    setRawJson("")
+    setParseError(null)
+    setParsedQuestions([])
+    setImporting(false)
+    setResult(null)
+  }
+
+  function handleClose(open: boolean) {
+    if (!open) reset()
+    onOpenChange(open)
+  }
+
+  function handleFileUpload(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
+    const file = e.target.files?.[0]
+    if (!file) return
+    const reader = new FileReader()
+    reader.onload = (event) => {
+      const text = event.target?.result as string
+      setRawJson(text)
+      setParseError(null)
+    }
+    reader.readAsText(file)
+    e.target.value = ""
+  }
+
+  function handleParse() {
+    setParseError(null)
+    let data: unknown
+    try {
+      data = JSON.parse(rawJson)
+    } catch {
+      setParseError("JSON 格式无效，请检查语法")
+      return
+    }
+
+    const parsed = importArraySchema.safeParse(data)
+    if (!parsed.success) {
+      const firstError = parsed.error.issues[0]
+      const path = firstError.path.join(".")
+      setParseError(`第 ${path || "?"} 项: ${firstError.message}`)
+      return
+    }
+
+    const questions: QuestionFormData[] = parsed.data.map((item) => ({
+      stem: item.stem,
+      correctAnswer: item.correctAnswer,
+      distractors: item.distractors,
+      categoryId: item.categoryId,
+      difficulty: item.difficulty as QuestionFormData["difficulty"],
+      status: item.status ?? "draft",
+      knowledgeCardBasic: item.knowledgeCardBasic ?? "",
+      knowledgeCardDeep: item.knowledgeCardDeep,
+      sourceRef: item.sourceRef,
+    }))
+
+    setParsedQuestions(questions)
+    setStep("preview")
+  }
+
+  async function handleImport() {
+    setImporting(true)
+    try {
+      const res = await importQuestions(parsedQuestions)
+      setResult(res.data)
+      setStep("result")
+      if (res.data.imported > 0) onSuccess()
+    } catch {
+      setParseError("导入失败，请检查网络或联系管理员")
+    } finally {
+      setImporting(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
+      <DialogContent className="max-w-lg">
+        <DialogHeader>
+          <DialogTitle>批量导入题目</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>
+            {step === "input" && "上传 JSON 文件或粘贴 JSON 内容"}
+            {step === "preview" && `已解析 ${parsedQuestions.length} 道题目，确认导入？`}
+            {step === "result" && "导入完成"}
+          </DialogDescription>
+        </DialogHeader>
+
+        {step === "input" && (
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="flex gap-2">
+              <Button
+                type="button"
+                variant="outline"
+                size="sm"
+                onClick={() => fileInputRef.current?.click()}
+              >
+                选择 JSON 文件
+              </Button>
+              <input
+                ref={fileInputRef}
+                type="file"
+                accept=".json"
+                className="hidden"
+                onChange={handleFileUpload}
+              />
+              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground self-center">
+                或直接粘贴 JSON
+              </span>
+            </div>
+
+            <Textarea
+              placeholder={`[\n  {\n    "stem": "题干",\n    "correctAnswer": "正确答案",\n    "distractors": ["干扰项1", "干扰项2", "干扰项3", "干扰项4"],\n    "categoryId": "分类 ID",\n    "difficulty": 3\n  }\n]`}
+              rows={12}
+              value={rawJson}
+              onChange={(e) => {
+                setRawJson(e.target.value)
+                setParseError(null)
+              }}
+              className="font-mono text-xs"
+            />
+
+            {parseError && (
+              <p className="text-sm text-destructive">{parseError}</p>
+            )}
+
+            <div className="flex justify-end">
+              <Button onClick={handleParse} disabled={!rawJson.trim()}>
+                解析 JSON
+              </Button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {step === "preview" && (
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="rounded-lg border p-3 space-y-2 text-sm">
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <span className="text-muted-foreground">题目数量：</span>
+                <Badge variant="secondary">{parsedQuestions.length} 道</Badge>
+              </div>
+              <div className="text-muted-foreground">
+                状态默认为「草稿」，导入后可批量修改状态。
+              </div>
+              <div className="max-h-40 overflow-y-auto space-y-1">
+                {parsedQuestions.map((q, i) => (
+                  <div key={i} className="text-xs text-muted-foreground truncate">
+                    {i + 1}. {q.stem}
+                  </div>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+
+            <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
+              <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setStep("input")}>
+                返回修改
+              </Button>
+              <Button onClick={handleImport} disabled={importing}>
+                {importing ? "导入中..." : `确认导入 ${parsedQuestions.length} 道题目`}
+              </Button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {step === "result" && result && (
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div className="rounded-lg border p-4 space-y-2 text-sm">
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <span className="text-muted-foreground">成功导入：</span>
+                <Badge variant="default">{result.imported} 道</Badge>
+              </div>
+              {result.failed > 0 && (
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                  <span className="text-muted-foreground">失败：</span>
+                  <Badge variant="destructive">{result.failed} 道</Badge>
+                </div>
+              )}
+              {result.errors && result.errors.length > 0 && (
+                <div className="mt-2 max-h-32 overflow-y-auto space-y-1">
+                  {result.errors.map((err, i) => (
+                    <p key={i} className="text-xs text-destructive">
+                      第 {err.index + 1} 题: {err.error}
+                    </p>
+                  ))}
+                </div>
+              )}
+            </div>
+
+            <div className="flex justify-end">
+              <Button onClick={() => handleClose(false)}>完成</Button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </DialogContent>
+    </Dialog>
+  )
+}

src/lib/api/question-api.ts

@@ -54,3 +54,17 @@ export async function updateQuestionStatus(
     .patch(`questions/${id}/status`, { json: { status } })
     .json<ApiResponse<Question>>()
 }
+
+export interface ImportResult {
+  imported: number
+  failed: number
+  errors?: { index: number; error: string }[]
+}
+
+export async function importQuestions(
+  questions: QuestionFormData[]
+): Promise<ApiResponse<ImportResult>> {
+  return apiClient
+    .post("questions/import", { json: { questions } })
+    .json<ApiResponse<ImportResult>>()
+}

src/routes/questions/index.tsx

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/components/ui/alert-dialog"
 import { getColumns } from "@/components/question/columns"
 import { StatusTransitionDialog } from "@/components/question/StatusTransitionDialog"
+import { ImportQuestionsDialog } from "@/components/question/ImportQuestionsDialog"
 import { fetchQuestions, deleteQuestion, updateQuestionStatus } from "@/lib/api/question-api"
 import { fetchCategories } from "@/lib/api/category-api"
 import { DIFFICULTY_LABELS, QUESTION_STATUSES } from "@/lib/constants"
@@ -63,6 +64,9 @@ export default function QuestionsPage() {
   const [statusTarget, setStatusTarget] = useState<Question | null>(null)
   const [statusTargetState, setStatusTargetState] = useState<QuestionStatus | null>(null)
 
+  // 批量导入对话框
+  const [importOpen, setImportOpen] = useState(false)
+
   const totalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(total / PAGE_SIZE))
 
   // 加载分类列表（用于筛选和列显示）
@@ -141,6 +145,10 @@ export default function QuestionsPage() {
       {/* 页面头部 */}
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold">题库管理</h1>
+        <div className="flex gap-2">
+          <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setImportOpen(true)}>
+            批量导入
+          </Button>
           <Button asChild>
             <Link to="/questions/new">
               <Plus className="size-4" />
@@ -148,6 +156,7 @@ export default function QuestionsPage() {
             </Link>
           </Button>
         </div>
+      </div>
 
       {/* 筛选栏 */}
       <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
@@ -337,6 +346,13 @@ export default function QuestionsPage() {
         targetStatus={statusTargetState}
         onConfirm={confirmStatusChange}
       />
+
+      {/* 批量导入 */}
+      <ImportQuestionsDialog
+        open={importOpen}
+        onOpenChange={setImportOpen}
+        onSuccess={loadQuestions}
+      />
     </div>
   )
 }